Global press freedom has plummeted to its lowest level in over two decades, according to the 2025 World Press Freedom Index published by Reporters Without Borders (RSF). The report, released on Friday, paints a grim picture of a media landscape battered by economic pressures, authoritarian regimes, and declining international support, pushing journalism into a “difficult situation” worldwide.
The RSF index, which evaluates press freedom across 180 countries based on politics, law, economy, socio-culture, and security, recorded an unprecedented decline, with the economic indicator hitting a historic low. Independent media outlets, particularly in Europe, are grappling with an acute financial crisis exacerbated by the withdrawal of American aid and the spread of state-sponsored propaganda from countries like Russia.
“Press freedom is at a critical moment,” warned campaigners in Bratislava, emphasizing that economic fragility is now a leading threat to journalism. The collapse of sustainable funding models has left many outlets struggling to survive, while rising authoritarianism has intensified efforts to suppress dissent. The report highlights a global surge in attacks on media independence, with governments increasingly using legal and economic tools to silence critical voices.
Must Read: Neuralink Advances Brain-Computer Interface with Third Human Implant in 2025
In the United States, press freedom has deteriorated significantly under President Donald Trump, with the country falling out of the top 50 in the RSF rankings. The report cites a rise in political hostility toward journalists and a weakening of legal protections as key factors. Meanwhile, Europe remains the safest region for journalists, though even here, countries like Germany have slipped from the top 10, and EU legislation aimed at bolstering media freedom faces resistance from member states.
The economic crisis affecting media is compounded by broader global financial instability. Recent reports indicate that U.S. tariffs and declining consumer confidence have raised fears of a global recession, further straining media budgets. Independent outlets, already stretched thin, face mounting challenges as advertising revenues dwindle and operational costs soar.
“Journalism is fighting an existential battle,” said an RSF spokesperson, noting that the spread of propaganda and disinformation adds another layer of complexity. The report singles out countries like China, North Korea, and Eritrea as the worst offenders, where state control over media is near absolute.
As World Press Freedom Day approaches, advocates are calling for urgent action to protect media independence. Proposals include increased funding for public-interest journalism, stronger legal safeguards for reporters, and international cooperation to counter propaganda. Without swift intervention, experts warn, the erosion of press freedom could undermine democratic foundations worldwide.
For more information on the 2025 World Press Freedom Index, visit the RSF website.